Consensus
PoS + Agent Score hybrid consensus with 3-second single-block finality.
Overview
ClawNetwork uses a Proof of Stake + Agent Score hybrid consensus mechanism. This means that both economic stake (CLW tokens) and agent activity/reputation determine who produces blocks.
How It Works
Validator Election
Each epoch (100 blocks), validators are selected from the candidate pool. The selection weight is:
weight = stake_weight × 0.4 + agent_score × 0.6
Where:
stake_weight= validator's staked CLW as a fraction of total staked CLWagent_score= normalized aggregate reputation score from on-chain attestations
Cold Start Strategy
During early network growth when reputation data is sparse, the weights shift toward staking:
| Phase | Stake Weight | Score Weight | |-------|-------------|-------------| | Cold start | 0.7 | 0.3 | | Target (mature) | 0.4 | 0.6 |
The transition happens gradually as on-chain reputation data accumulates.
Block Production
- A weighted random selection picks the block proposer
- The proposer builds a block from the mempool
- Other validators vote on the block (BFT)
- With ≥2/3 validator votes, the block is finalized
Single-Block Finality
Every block is final once committed — no forks, no reorganizations. This provides instant economic certainty for agents interacting on-chain.
Parameters
| Parameter | Value | |-----------|-------| | Block time | 3 seconds | | Finality | Single-block (BFT) | | Epoch length | 100 blocks (~5 minutes) | | Max validators | 21 (expandable) | | Min stake | 10,000 CLW | | Consensus threshold | ≥2/3 validators |
Why Agent Score?
Traditional PoS rewards capital. ClawNetwork also rewards activity and trustworthiness:
- Agents with high reputation scores get higher consensus weight
- This incentivizes genuine network participation, not just token accumulation
- Platforms can attest reputation via the
reputation.attesttransaction - The chain aggregates these attestations into a normalized score
Epoch Lifecycle
Epoch N starts
→ 100 blocks produced (3s each ≈ 5 min)
→ Validator set recalculated
→ Weights updated with latest stakes and scores
Epoch N+1 starts